Sjögren’s skin dryness is an autoimmune condition where the immune
system attacks the glands that produce moisture. This drastically
reduces tears and saliva, leading to rough skin, irritated eyes, and
a generalized feeling of bodily dryness.
Skin color in anemia: an alteration where the lack of hemoglobin
and oxygen causes a pale or yellowish tone. Iron deficiency is clearly
reflected in the skin and the inside of the eyelids. It requires medical
diagnosis and supplementation.
Tertiary adrenal insufficiency: a disorder caused by a hypothalamic
failure that prevents the pituitary gland from releasing ACTH. It
commonly stems from prolonged steroid use, causing a lack of cortisol,
fatigue, and weakness. It requires careful management to reactivate the
body’s natural hormonal axis.
The diaphragm muscle is a dome-shaped structure located under
the lungs. It separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
and is essential for breathing. Its contraction allows air intake, and
its relaxation facilitates air expulsion during the biological
respiratory cycle.
Neuromuscular junction of myasthenia defines the
communicative failure between nerves and muscles due to
autoimmune causes. Antibodies block acetylcholine receptors,
leading to severe fatigue and a very weakened muscular
response.
Structure of the human dentition. This anatomical illustration
shows the arrangement of incisors, canines, premolars, and molars.
The diagram depicts internal components such as enamel,
dentin, and dental pulp, along with the bony support, and the
periodontal ligament of the oral system.
Thinness due to hyperthyroidism explains the involuntary
weight loss caused by an overactive thyroid gland. This autoimmune
condition accelerates metabolism, causing hormone excess that
makes maintaining a healthy weight difficult and alters facial
appearance.
Thyroid ophthalmopathy is an autoimmune disease that inflames
ocular fat and muscles, causing bulging eyes. This condition, linked to
hyperthyroidism, generates edema and visual changes that require a
precise medical diagnosis.
Type 1 diabetes: an autoimmune disease where the pancreas does
not produce insulin. The body does not process glucose, affecting the
arteries and bloodstream. It requires diet, exercise, and medication
to permanently regulate sugar in children and adults with this chronic
condition.