Lungs and diaphragm in respiration. In this illustration, we can observe how the lungs and diaphragm work together as the main driving force of breathing. In addition, this image shows the relationship between the lungs, respiratory airways, and the diaphragm during the breathing process. Likewise, in this representation, we can notice how the movement of the diaphragm allows air to enter and leave the lungs.
First of all, the lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system. They are located inside the thoracic cavity and are protected by the rib cage. Therefore, their main function is to enable gas exchange between inhaled air and the bloodstream.
Moreover, air enters the body through the nose or mouth. Afterwards, the air passes through the pharynx, larynx, and trachea. Next, the trachea divides into bronchi, which carry air toward each lung. As a result, this network of respiratory airways distributes air throughout the lung tissue.
On the other hand, the diaphragm is a large dome-shaped muscle located below the lungs. This muscle plays a fundamental role in breathing. Furthermore, its movement allows the thoracic cavity to change volume during respiration.
During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward. Consequently, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases. As a result, the lungs expand and fill with oxygen-rich air.
However, during exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward. Therefore, the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases. As a result, the lungs release air containing carbon dioxide.
In addition, this breathing cycle occurs continuously to maintain the oxygen supply required by body cells. Finally, understanding the role of the lungs and diaphragm in respiration helps explain how the body performs one of its most essential life processes.