Pulmonary respiration is the process through which the body obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. First, this process occurs thanks to the coordinated function of the respiratory system. In addition, several structures guide the flow of air toward the lungs.
Air enters the body through the nose or mouth. Then, it passes through the pharynx, which connects the nasal cavities with the lower airways. As a result, the air continues its path toward the trachea.
The trachea is a tube supported by cartilage rings that keep the airway open. Afterward, air travels through this structure until it reaches the bronchi.
Next, the trachea divides into two bronchi, one leading to each lung. Then, the bronchi branch into smaller tubes called bronchioles inside the lungs.
The bronchioles distribute air throughout the lungs. Finally, the air reaches the alveoli, where gas exchange takes place between air and blood.
During this stage, oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood capillaries. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli.
Later, carbon dioxide leaves the body during exhalation. Therefore, pulmonary respiration maintains the balance of gases in the body.
Furthermore, the circulatory system works together with the respiratory system. In this way, the blood transports oxygen to all body cells.
In conclusion, pulmonary respiration depends on structures such as the pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs, allowing the body to breathe and maintain vital functions.