The respiratory system is the group of organs that allows the body to perform breathing. First, its main function is to bring oxygen into the body. In addition, it removes carbon dioxide, a gas produced during the metabolic activities of cells.
The path of air begins in the nose or mouth. Then, the air passes through the pharynx, which connects the nasal cavities with the lower airways. As a result, the air continues toward the larynx.
Next, the air travels through the trachea, a tube that carries air toward the lungs. Moreover, the trachea contains cartilage rings that keep the airway open.
Afterward, the trachea divides into two main bronchi, one leading to each lung. Then, the bronchi branch into secondary bronchi and later into bronchioles.
The bronchioles distribute air throughout the lungs. Finally, the air reaches the pulmonary alveoli, which are tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.
During this process, oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood capillaries. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli.
Later, carbon dioxide leaves the body during exhalation. Therefore, the respiratory system maintains the balance of gases in the body.
Furthermore, the circulatory system works together with the respiratory system. In this way, blood transports oxygen to all body cells.
In conclusion, the respiratory system includes structures such as the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs, which work together to enable breathing.