A cardiopulmonary anatomical illustration shows how
the heart and lungs work together to circulate oxygenated
blood, remove carbon dioxide, and maintain essential
body functions.
A closed aortic valve prevents blood from flowing
backward from the aorta into the left ventricle during
diastole, ensuring proper one-way blood circulation
through the cardiovascular system.
Abdominal adhesions are bands of scar tissue that bind organs in the
abdominal cavity. They can appear after surgeries. or inflammation,
hinder bowel movement, and cause pain, digestive disorders, or
obstructions if not treated properly.
An aneurysm of the abdominalaortaisan abnormaldilationof themainarteryofthe abdomen, which commonlyoccursin risk
factorsofriskssuchas smoking, hypertension,andfamilyhistory. They are usuallyasymptomaticuntilthey groworbreak
An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a bulge in the main artery that
supplies blood to the body. If it grows too large, it can rupture and
cause life-threatening internal bleeding, often requiring monitoring
or surgery.
Acute bronchitis. Inflammation of the bronchi generally
caused by viral infections, which produce cough, mucus, and
respiratory difficulty, being a common condition after
colds or flu.
The acute myocardial infarction has an altered function in myocardial
perfusion. Moreover, under normal conditions, the coronary arteries
supply oxygenated blood. Additionally, the heart maintains systemic
circulation.
The acute otitis externa has an altered function in hearing conduction.
Moreover, under normal conditions, the ear canal protects the inner ear.
Additionally, earwax acts as a natural barrier.
Addison and autoimmune vitiligo: conditions where the immune
system attacks melanocytes and adrenal glands. This causes
white spots on the skin and hormonal deficiency. Treatment
seeks skin repigmentation and the replacement of vital
hormones to improve patient health.
Addison’s adrenal disease: a disorder where the glands do not
produce enough cortisol and aldosterone. Damage to the glomerular
and fascicular zones, caused by the immune system, reduces hormonal
activity. It requires lifelong replacement treatment to avoid serious
metabolic crises.
Addison’s adrenal insufficiency: a disorder where the adrenal
cortex loses definition in its glomerular and fascicular zones. This
prevents cortisol and aldosterone production due to an immune
attack. It requires permanent hormonal treatment to avoid extreme
weakness and metabolic crises.
The adenoid hypertrophy has an altered function in nasal
breathing. Moreover, under normal conditions, adenoids
contribute to the immune response. Additionally, they help
protect against infections.