The human skeleton is the bony structure that provides support,
protection, and mobility to the body. It consists of 206 bones. It is
divided into the skull, the spine, the rib cage, and the appendicular
skeleton (limbs and the shoulder and pelvic girdles).
Hydronephrosis is the dilation of the kidney due to urine accumulation
caused by urinary obstruction. Moreover, it may result from stones, tumors,
or congenital anomalies. Diagnosis is imaging-based, and treatment
depends on the severity to prevent kidney damage.
Farsighted vision, or distance vision, is an eye condition where
nearby objects appear blurry because the image forms behind
the retina. This usually happens due to a shorter eye or a flatter
cornea.
Inactive melanocyte is a skin cell that does not produce melanin,
leading to hypopigmented areas. Moreover, it is associated with
conditions like vitiligo and affects skin and hair coloration.
The inflamed bronchus. It represents the inflammation of the
bronchial tubes with mucus accumulation, causing persistent
cough, respiratory difficulty, and reduced airflow, common in
acute bronchitis following viral infections.
Inflammation due to arthritis is a joint condition causing pain,
swelling, and stiffness. Moreover, it may result from cartilage wear
or other causes. Treatment includes anti-inflammatory drugs,
physical therapy, and measures to improve mobility.
Inflammation due to osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint
condition causing cartilage wear, pain, swelling, and stiffness.
Moreover, it limits mobility. Treatment includes medications,
physical therapy, and, in advanced cases, joint replacement surgery.
Inflammatory nephritis is kidney inflammation caused by infections
or autoimmune disorders. Moreover, it may lead to pain, fatigue, and
urinary changes. Treatment includes medication, dietary adjustments,
and control of underlying conditions to preserve kidney function.
An intertrochanteric femur fracture is a break between the
femoral trochanters, affecting hip stability and mobility. Moreover,
it is common in older adults and often associated with trauma and
reduced bone density.
Intertrochanteric femur fracture treatment involves open
reduction and internal fixation using plates, screws, or nails.
Moreover, it stabilizes the fracture, promotes healing, and
restores hip function for improved recovery.
Joint fusion ankylosis is the complete fusion of bones in a joint,
leading to total loss of movement. Moreover, it may result from
arthritis or trauma. Treatment includes physical therapy and, in
severe cases, surgical intervention to improve function.
Kidney stone destruction includes techniques such as lithotripsy,
ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy to remove or fragment
stones. Moreover, treatment depends on size and location, relieving
symptoms and preventing complications.